Abstract
Ngokukhetha kwayo okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuphezulu, kunye nokulahlekelwa okuncinci kokufaka, i-Crystal Filter idlala indima engenakulinganiswa kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje. Eli nqaku lizisa umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza kunye neempawu zesakhiwo sezihluzo zekristale, zijolise ekuhlalutyeni izicelo zabo eziqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezifana nonxibelelwano olungenacingo, unomathotholo kunye nomabonwakude, kunye neenkqubo ze-radar, kwaye ekugqibeleni baxoxe ngeendlela zabo zophuhliso kunye nemingeni abajongene nayo.
1. Intshayelelo
Kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki, izihluzi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa komqondiso, ezisetyenziselwa ukukhetha ibhendi yefrikhwensi efunekayo kunye nokucinezela ingxolo kunye nokuphazamiseka. Njengoko i-spectrum yonxibelelwano isiya ixinana, iimfuno eziphezulu zibekwe phambili ekusebenzeni kohluzo.
2. UMgaqo wokuSebenza kunye neempawu zeeFilters zeCrystal
2.1 UMmiselo wokuSebenza
Izihluzi zekristale zisebenzisa isiphumo se-piezoelectric kunye neempawu ze-resonance zoomatshini zeekristale ze-quartz ukufezekisa ukukhetha rhoqo. Ikristale yequartz inempendulo ephezulu kakhulu yeresonant kumaza athile, kwaye le resonance inokwenza ibhendi-yokudlula okanye ibhendi{2}}yokumisa isihluzi ngoyilo lwesekethe, esetyenziselwa ukuhluza ngokuchanekileyo okanye ukucinezela imiqondiso kwibhendi ethile yamaza.
2.2 Iimpawu eziphambili
Q-inqaku eliphezulu: Umgangatho womgangatho weekristale zequartz unokuba phezulu njenge-10⁴~10⁶, engaphezulu kakhulu kuneesekethe ze-LC eziqhelekileyo;
Ukukhetha okuphezulu: Iyakwazi ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-bandwidth emxinwa kakhulu, ifanelekile kwi-precision intermediate frequency (IF) ukuhlolwa;
Uzinzo oluhle rhoqo: Ukuchatshazelwa kancinci ngamaqondo obushushu kunye nexesha, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide{0}}leenkqubo zonxibelelwano;
Ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu: Ilungele iinkqubo ezizinzisiweyo kunye{0}}noxinaniso oluphezulu lweesekethe ezihlanganisiweyo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kweeFilters zeCrystal kwiNkalo yoNxibelelwano
3.1 IiNkqubo zoNxibelelwano olungenazingcingo
Kwii-transceivers zerediyo, izihlungi zekristale zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinqanaba lokucoca isignali yenqanaba eliphakathi lokujikeleza (njenge-10.7 MHz). Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:
Unxibelelwano lwe-Sideband (SSB) enye: Isetyenziselwa ukucinezela iifrikhwensi zemifanekiso kunye neempawu ezingeyonyani;
Irediyo ye-Amateur: Ukufaka ngokuchanekileyo isitishi esifunekayo ukuphucula ubuntununtunu;
Unxibelelwano oluphathwayo: Njengokufumaneka rhoqo okuphakathi kokufumana iimodyuli kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-GSM kunye ne-CDMA.
3.2 Unxibelelwano lweSathelayithi kunye neRadar
Kwiinkqubo zesitishi se-radar kunye nesathelayithi, izihluzi zekristale zisoloko zisetyenziswa ngaphambili{0}}isiphelo semodyuli zokuhluza zamajelo afumanayo, ngakumbi kuhluzo oluphakathi lwamaza omoya kunye neenkqubo zoxinzelelo lwe-pulse, zidlala indima ekuchaseni{1}}uphazamiseko kunye nokuphucula isisombululo.
3.3 Unomathotholo nomabonakude
Kwimodyuli ye-amplitude (AM) kunye -abamkeli bosasazo lwamaza omfutshane, izihluzi zekristale zisetyenziswa kwinqanaba eliphakathi lokukhulisa amaza, ezinokubonelela ngokuchongwa kwesithuba sesiteshi esilungileyo kunye nokusebenza koxinzelelo okufutshane, ukuphucula ukucaca kwesandi.
3.4 Unxibelelwano lwasemkhosini
Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kokusingqongileyo kunye nozinzo, izihluzi zekristale zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwirediyo ye-tactical, unxibelelwano olufihliweyo, kunye neenkqubo zesikhokelo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobumfihlo obuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.
4. Iifrikhwensi eziqhelekileyo zeeFilters zeCrystal
Uninzi lwee-frequencies eziphambili zokusebenza kwezihluzo zekristale kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano:
Iifrikhwensi zesihluzi seCrystal eqhelekileyo:
|
Imeko yesicelo |
Common Centre Frequency |
Inkcazo |
|
FM/AM umamkeli wosasazo |
10.7 MHz |
Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiirediyo ze-FM, ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokucoca ngokuchanekileyo kunye nomgca |
|
Umamkeli wonxibelelwano ngokubanzi |
21.4 MHz |
Isiqhelo esisetyenziswayo esiphakathi kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano eziphezulu-, ezifanelekileyo kwiindlela ezininzi{1}} zokumodareyitha kunye noguqulo lwamaza amaninzi. |
|
Inkqubo yesathelayithi/radar |
70 MHz (Izandi eziPhakathi, IF) |
Isihluzo esiqhelekileyo esiphakathi kunxibelelwano oluphezulu-kunxibelelwano olusebenzayo, oludla ngokusetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nedijithali phantsi{1}}uguqulo. |
|
Umzi-mveliso oqhelekileyo/ibhendi yamaza omkhosi |
1.40 MHz |
Amanqaku amaza akhethekileyo alungelelaniswa ngokweemfuno zoyilo lwenkqubo, aqhele ukufunyanwa kunxibelelwano lomkhosi kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iliso kwimizi-mveliso |
5. Isiphelo
Izihluzi zeCrystal zithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwibala lonxibelelwano, ngakumbi kwi-intermediate frequency processing signal, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo. Nangona ngokunyuka kobuchwepheshe obutsha, iindawo zabo zesicelo zinokutshintshwa kwezinye{1}}iibhanti zefrikhwensi, baseneenzuzo ezingenakubuyiselwa kunxibelelwano oluchanekileyo kunye{2}}neenkqubo zokuthembeka okuphezulu. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuphuculwa kwezinto,- ukupakishwa, kunye nokudibanisa iteknoloji yesekethe edibeneyo, izihlungi zekristale ziya kuqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano.
Ukuba uneemfuno zezixhobo ezithile (ezifana nohlobo oluthile lwe-walkie-talkie, inkqubo yerada, njl.njl.), I-HANGJING inokukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezithe ngqo zokuthelekisa okanye ezilungiselelwe wena. Nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nabasebenzi bethu bobugcisa be-HANGJING okanye intengiso nangaliphi na ixesha.
